A yoke was used to join a pair of oxen or other draft animals as they plowed or pulled in accordance with their human master. It was a symbol of servitude and domination.

Romans began the tradition of forcing conquered foes to pass beneath the yoke and were not at all pleased when they were in like manner humiliated. The yoke under which an defeated army passed was not the same as that used with animals. Two spears were planted upright in the ground and a third place across the two, forming the 'arch' through which soldiers had to stoop to pass, thus sacrificing honor and dignity.